Juncus kraussii subsp. australiensis

 Tufted, stoutly rhizomatous perennial. Culms erect, dark green, rigid, 30–120 cm high, each with c. 1–3 leaves and several shining, light brown cataphylls towards base; pith dense, uninterrupted, permeated with vascular bundles (visible in transverse section). Leaf-blades pungent, terete, culm-like; pith similar to that of culms; auricles absent. Inflorescence with several to many radiating major branches, branches usually visible, flowers clustered towards the ends of the ultimate branchlets; primary bract erect and pungent, continuous with culm; prophylls absent. Tepals with a reddish-brown band either side of midrib, equal or subequal, 2.5–3 mm long, firm-textured for the greater part, the outer 3 mucronate, the inner 3 obtuse with relatively wide membranous margins at the tip (becoming acute when these erode); stamens 3–6; anthers white, c. 0.5–1 mm long. Capsules red-brown or occasionally golden-brown, darker (often blackish) in the upper half, shining, ovoid to ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm long, contracting to a short fragile mucro, subequal to tepals; valves rather thick-walled, the outer faces shallowly concave in the upper part; seeds 0.5–1 mm long, apiculate at one or both ends. Flowers Dec.–Mar., seeds mostly shed Dec.–May.