Cymbopogon refractus
(R.Br.) A.Camus Barbed-wire GrassTufted, slightly lemon-scented perennial, culms to c. 1.2 m high. Leaves glabrous, sometimes slightly glaucous; blade flat, to 50 cm long and 3 mm wide; ligule glabrous, 1–2 mm long. Inflorescence 10–25 cm long, rather sparse with distant clusters of racemes, not or hardly hairy; racemes 1–2 cm long, mostly shorter than the subtending spathes, soon deflexed and becoming very brittle between the spikelets; glumes of fertile spikelet 4–6 mm long, the lower flat, the upper keeled; sterile lemma subequal to glumes and thinner textured; fertile lemma slightly shorter than glumes, hyaline, with or without a once- or twice-bent awn 8–15 mm long attached between the 2 apical lobes; sterile spikelet of 2 empty glumes, narrower and shorter than fertile spikelet. Flowers most of year but mainly Dec.–Mar.
VVP, NIS, EGL, EGU, HSF, VAlp. Also NT, Qld and NSW. Virtually confined to exposed, usually dry, rocky sites in the east (e.g. Valencia Creek, Buchan area, Suggan Buggan, Orbost, Mallacoota), with disjunct occurrences in the north-east in the Warby Ranges near Wangaratta and Sunbury area near Melbourne. .
Populations at low altitudes nearer the coast have unawned spikelets whereas more inland occurrences generally have awned spikelets.
Walsh, N.G. (1994). Poaceae. In: Walsh, N.G.; Entwisle, T.J., Flora of Victoria Vol. 2, Ferns and Allied Plants, Conifers and Monocotyledons, pp. 356–627. Inkata Press, Melbourne.