Echinopogon ovatus

Rhizomatous perennial, culms 3–7 noded, erect, usually geniculate at base, to 1 m high, scabrous. Leaves retrorsely scabrous, occasionally ciliate; blade flat, to 20 cm long and 1 cm wide but usually smaller; ligule membranous, 1–2 mm long. Inflorescence a dense, ovoid panicle, 1–4 cm long (excluding awns), ovoid to broad-oblong prior to anthesis; glumes subequal, acute, 2.5–4 mm long, long-scabrous along the keels; lemma (including apical lobes 0.5–1 mm long) equal to or slightly exceeding glumes, callus hairs dense, c. 1 mm long; awn 7–16 mm long. Flowers Oct.–Jan.