Macromitrium
Dioicous, pseudoautoicous with epiphytic dwarf males, or autoicous. Asexual reproduction rarely by clavate or fusiform gemmae on branch leaves. Mats on trees and rocks. Stems creeping to ascending, with erect to ascending branches. Leaves terete-foliate, branch and stem leaves similar or differing in shape, straight to sigmoid and wide-spreading when moist, crisped, twisted-contorted or spirally twisted around branch when dry, funiculate or not; apex usually acute or acuminate, rarely with a hairpoint (not in Victoria); costa subpercurrent to excurrent; margins entire or crenulate-papillose near apex, plane or recurved, without a border; laminal cells in apical half elliptic to rounded-quadrate, smooth, uni- or pluri-papillose; basal laminal cells rectangular to vermicular, smooth or unipapillose. Cladocarpous. Seta smooth. Calyptra mitrate, splitting at the base into one or many lobes, conic, not enclosing the capsule at maturity, glabrous or hairy, ± plicate. Capsules exserted or emergent. Peristome double, single or absent; exostome when present of 16 teeth, erect or incurved when dry; endostome when present a delicate low membrane, rarely divided into segments (not in Victoria).
Around 350 species throughout temperate to tropical regions but absent from Europe and most diverse in tropical regions, especially south-east Asia. Malesia and the Pacific (Ramsay et al. 2017); seven species in Victoria.
SpinningRamsay, H.P.; Cairns, A.; Meagher, D. (2017). Macromitrium erythrocomum (Bryophyta: Orthotrichaceae), a new species from tropical Queensland, Australia. Telopea 20: 261–268.
Vitt, D.H.; Ramsay, H.P. (2006). Macromitrium. Flora of Australia 51: 191–218.
